Flood Susceptibility Assessment (FSA) Using GIS-Based Frequency Ratio (FR) Model in Kota Belud, Sabah, Malaysia

The flood is one of the most devastating natural disasters to strike Sabah, Malaysia, especially in Kota Belud region. Flood Susceptibility Analysis (FSA) was described using bivariate statistical analysis (the Frequency Ratio model) based on a Geographical Information System (GIS). Field surveys and formal reports from local authorities study area created inventory map. training dataset for consisted 100 locations inundated 2017, while validation 54 2016 report. Eight (8) parameters (elevation, slope curvature, angle, topography wetness index, drainage density, proximity, land use, soil type) were extracted database then converted into raster format with cell size 5m x 5m. Finally, break classification method, FSA generated classified five classes: very low, moderate, high, high susceptibility. under curve (AUC) validated susceptibility model's accuracy. success rate AUC calculated be 0.89, prediction 0.82. could used develop mitigation strategies use planning.